eso que decis vos es lo clasico.....pero los estudios demostraron lo contrario....te los paso....
Zimmerman J, Fromm R, Meyer D et al. Diagnosis Markers Cooperative Study for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1999;99:1671-1677.
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Diagnostic marker cooperative study for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Zimmerman J, Fromm R, Meyer D, Boudreaux A, Wun CC, Smalling R, Davis B, Habib G, Roberts R.
General Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
BACKGROUND: Millions of patients present annually with chest pain, but only 10% to 15% have myocardial infarction. Lack of diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of clinical and conventional markers prevents or delays treatment and leads to unnecessary costly admissions. Comparative data are lacking on the new markers, yet using all of them is inappropriate and expensive. METHODS AND RESULTS: The Diagnostic Marker Cooperative Study was a prospective, multicenter, double-blind study with consecutive enrollment of patients with chest pain presenting to the emergency department. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and frequency of increase in patients with unstable angina were determined for creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) subforms, myoglobin, total CK-MB (activity and mass), and troponin T and I on the basis of frequent serial sampling for </=24 hours. Of 955 patients with chest pain, 119 (12.5%) had infarction identified by use of CK-MB mass, and 203 (21%) had unstable angina. CK-MB subforms were most sensitive and specific (91% and 89%) within 6 hours of onset, followed by myoglobin (78% and 89%). For late diagnosis, total CK-MB activity (derived from subforms) was the most sensitive and specific (96% and 98%) at 10 hours from onset, followed by troponin I (96% and 93%), but not until 18 hours, and troponin T (87% and 93% at 10 hours). In unstable angina, CK-MB subforms were increased in 29.5%, myoglobin in 23.7%, troponin I in 19.7%, and troponin T in 14.8%. All markers were increased in 99 patients. With each marker as the diagnostic standard, CK-MB subforms and myoglobin remained the most sensitive for early diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The CK-MB subform assay alone or in combination with a troponin reliably triages patients with chest pain and should lead to improved therapy and reduced cost.
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Kennedy R, Harrison R, Burton A et al. An artificial neural network system for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in the accident and emergency department: evaluation and comparison with serum myoglobin measurements. Comput methods Programs Biomed 1997;52:93-103.
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An artificial neural network system for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the accident and emergency department: evaluation and comparison with serum myoglobin measurements.
Kennedy RL, Harrison RF, Burton AM, Fraser HS, Hamer WG, MacArthur D, McAllum R, Steedman DJ.
City Hospitals Sunderland, Department of Medicine, UK.
Recent studies have confirmed that artificial neural networks (ANNs) are adept at recognising patterns in sets of clinical data. The diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients presenting with chest pain remains one of the greatest challenges in emergency medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an ANN trained to analyse clinical data from chest pain patients. The ANN was compared with serum myoglobin measurements--cardiac damage is associated with increased circulating myoglobin levels, and this is widely used as an early marker for evolving AMI. We used 39 items of clinical and ECG data from the time of presentation to derive 53 binary inputs to a back propagation network. On test data (200 cases), overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of the ANN were 91.8, 91.2, 90.2 and 84.9% respectively. Corresponding figures using linear discriminant analysis were 81.0, 77.9, 82.6 and 69.7% (P < 0.01). Using a further test set from a different centre (91 cases), the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and PPV for the admitting physicians were 65.1, 28.5, 76.9 and 28.6% respectively compared with 73.6, 52.4, 80.0 and 44.0% for the ANN. Although myoglobin at presentation was highly specific, it was only 38.0% sensitive, compared with 85.7% at 3 h. Simple strategies to combine clinical opinion, ANN output and myoglobin at presentation could greatly improve sensitivity and specificity of AMI diagnosis. The ideal support for emergency room physicians may come from a combination of computer-aided analysis of clinical factors and biochemical markers such as myoglobin. This study demonstrates that the two approaches could be usefully combined, the major benefit of the decision support system being in the first 3 h before biochemical markers have become abnormal.
esta cita le da alta especificidad y baja sensibilidad
Balk E, Ioannidis J, Salem D et al. Accuracy of biomarkers to diagnose acute cardiac ischemia in the Emergency Department: a meta-analysis. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37:348-494.